【absence的用法和短语】在英语学习中，"absence" 是一个常见但容易被忽视的词汇。它不仅可以用作名词表示“缺席”或“缺乏”，还可以与不同的动词、介词搭配形成固定短语，表达特定含义。掌握 "absence" 的正确用法和相关短语，有助于提升语言表达的准确性和地道性。
以下是对 "absence" 的用法和常见短语的总结：
一、基本用法
1. 作为名词：表示“缺席”或“不在场”
- 例句：His absence from the meeting was noticed by everyone.
（他没有参加会议，大家都注意到了。）
2. 表示“缺乏”或“缺少”
- 例句：There is a complete absence of evidence.
（完全没有证据。）
3. 用于抽象概念
- 例句：The absence of communication led to misunderstandings.
（缺乏沟通导致了误解。）
二、常见搭配与短语
| 短语 | 含义 | 例句 |
| in the absence of | 在……缺席的情况下 | In the absence of a leader, the team was confused. |
| absence of mind | 心不在焉 | She was often in an absence of mind during class. |
| absence of evidence | 没有证据 | The court ruled in favor of the defendant due to the absence of evidence. |
| take a day off (in absence) | 请假 | He took a day off in absence of his usual work. |
| be absent from | 不在……之中 | She was absent from school yesterday. |
| make up for the absence | 弥补缺失 | We need to find a way to make up for the absence of support. |
三、使用小贴士
- 注意词性变化：虽然 "absence" 是名词，但它的形容词形式是 "absent"，如 "He was absent from the meeting."
- 避免混淆：不要将 "absence" 和 "absent" 混淆，前者是名词，后者是形容词。
- 语境选择：根据上下文选择合适的搭配，例如 "in the absence of" 常用于正式场合，而 "be absent from" 更常用于日常表达。
通过以上总结可以看出，"absence" 虽然看似简单，但在实际运用中需要结合具体语境和搭配来准确表达意思。掌握这些用法和短语，可以让你在写作和口语中更加得心应手。
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